Judge Johann Kriegler (speaking in his personal capacity) delivered an address on judicial independence and transformation to the Wits Law School. He cautioned against sacrificing judicial independence on the altar of transformation, and noted that tension between the judiciary and the executive or legislature was inherent in a system of separation of powers. He stressed that the Constitution gives primacy to candidates being “appropriately qualified” for judicial office, and then to the Bench being “broadly representative” as regards race and gender.